Blurring the boundaries
The first priority when landscaping a courtyard or walled garden is to blur the boundaries. Not only between indoor and outdoor spaces, but also the wall themselves. You can do this by repeating colours, materials or decorating themes.
An illusion of space
To give smaller areas the illusion of more space, choose light-coloured, large-format pavers. This also applies to the surrounding walls. Whites and light neutrals can make an area seem bigger, whilst colours such as red and yellow make a space seem smaller. However, for big impact use bold colours.
Adding interest
In plain, featureless courtyards, introduce level changes to add perspective and interest. Raised, bricked beds, wall niches and deck areas lead the eye upwards. Or try adding curved elements to fool the eye and give the appearance of a less boxy area.
Soften up
To soften hard landscaping and paving, grow groundcover around the perimeter, interplant with something low-growing like mondo grass, or insert decorative pebble features or borders. You can also use plants to soften existing features within the courtyard, such as a pergola.
Catch the eye
Use focal points wisely and sparingly. A statue or large urn placed in a corner or at the centrepoint of a feature wall can be very effective. On the opposite end of the scale - go big and go bold.
By using tapered, vertical, climbers and hanging baskets you draw the eye upwards - again creating the illusion of a larger space.
Used as a focal point, potted topiary or dwarf trees can make a courtyard seem a little larger - and more like a classic courtyard garden.
Add tranquility
Water is considered an essential element of any garden. Don't forget to introduce a water feature to cool down the space and add a sense of movement and create a tranquil space. This might be a wall-mounted feature so it doesn't take up too much room.
Dressing up
Dress up a wall with a work of art, hanging baskets or espaliered plants. The latter can soften the look of a bare wall, minimise glare and generally help to cool the courtyard. Containers can also add an element of interest. Shop around for pots that fit in with your scheme. Look for clay pots or metal containers that look good on their own.
Adding on
If you consider the courtyard to be a waste of space and just don't have a green thumb, consider bringing the inside out into the space. A conservatory or garden room not only adds to the value of a home, the space can be used for entertaining, breakfasts, or just simply relaxing.
Whatever you decide to do in your courtyard, it's your space!
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